Managing Financial Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Financial Decisions - Essay Example On the other hand, sole proprietorship and partnerships have unlimited liability for shareholders. Although, it is easier to set up sole proprietorship or partnership as compared to the limited company, but limited companies have better access to external markets for funding and business opportunities. This implies that there is a separation of the business and individuals holding interests in the company. This type also has the advantage of being able to raise large amounts of funds from external sources. Also, the business is managed by a group of professional directors who have the experience and knowledge to operate different affairs of the business (Bendrey, Hussey, & West, 2004). In addition, only those profits, which are taken out from the limited company’s accounts are taxed as compared. Whereas, the entire profit of sole proprietorship is taxed. 1b Types of Source of Finance Types of Finance Definition Advantages Disadvantages Short Term Finance Trade Credit Credit ob tained by business for inventory and receivables management. It is less costly. It is easier to arrange. It does not require security. It is difficult to arrange large amounts. It is only trade related. Factoring Sale of receivables for cash in advance. It allows transfer of risk associated with credit sales. It frees up cash of businesses tied up in receivables. It is highly costly. It is not available to all kinds of industries. It involves complicated legal terms. Bank Overdrafts Short term borrowing from banks. It is not fixed for a specific period of time. It is suitable for businesses requiring finance occasionally. It is less costly for large companies. It is difficult to manage in periods of high interest rate volatility. It requires personal guarantees from owners or directors of the company. Medium Term Finance Loans Medium term borrowing from banks. It is for specific period of time and less fluctuation in interest payments. It allows businesses to ascertain the cost of f inance in advance. It allows businesses to negotiate terms of repayment according to their projections. It is faster to arrange such loans. It is costlier as compared to overdrafts. It can affect creditworthiness of the business if fails to meet loan obligations. Lease Obtaining the right of use of asset without purchasing them. Allows a business or individual to preserve liquid assets. Fixed repayments are required and the lender can not cancel the agreement on its own. It is difficult to arrange. It is difficult to record and report leases. It may not be possible to acquire all types of assets on lease. Long Term Finance Debt Finance Long term borrowing from banks or other finance providing companies. It allows access to larger pool of funds. It allows to upgrade equipment and machinery on regular basis. It requires security. It involves high interest charge due to its long-term nature. It is difficult to obtain loan for assets other than property in some countries. The accessibil ity to this type of finance depends upon assessment of creditworthiness of companies. It is finance against future profits of the business and can therefore restrict utilization of internal funds for business growth. Debentures and Loan Stock By issuing debt instrument in the secondary market.

John Mclaughlin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

John Mclaughlin - Essay Example f 8 years old, McLaughlin became inspired of learning to play musical instruments when one of his brothers listened to Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony from a radio station (Stump, p. 12). A year later, McLaughlin had the privilege to learn how to play the violin and piano (Christian Pegand). After three years of playing the violin and piano, he started to dream of becoming a good guitarist. His dream of playing the guitar started on the day when his brothers started to play blues of Bill Broonzy (Christian Pegand; Stump, p. 12). This made McLaughlin became more exposed to the music of Leadbelly, Muddy Waters, and Sonny Terry among others (Stump, p. 12). aware of the music industry (Stump, p. 12). Inspired with religious and cultural music in India and other Western classical music, McLaughlin became a famous jazz and classical guitarist that plays a wide-range of music styles and genres (Cal Performances). Because of McLaughlin’s passion to make other people happy by listening to his music, he exerted a lot of effort in terms of improving his knowledge and skills in playing musical instruments (Stump, p. 10). Later on, he became proficient in playing the violin and guitar (Stump, p. 13). During the late 50s, McLaughlin played some musical instruments together with Peter Deuchar – the banjoist and his professors of Ragtime (Christian Pegand; Stump, p. 13). Before McLaughlin reached the age of 15 years old, he was very actively leading a band in school (Stump, p. 13). All this happened before he decided to go to London where he pursued his dream of being able to play in a rock and blues band. His decision to leave the school band was very much influenced by Miles Davis’ album â€Å"Milestones† which was released in the market back in 1957 (Stump, p. 13). McLaughin’s exposure on blues music started when he reached London during the early part of 1960s (Stump, p. 15). Since then, McLaughlin took every chance he gets to have a jamming or recording sessions with

Communist Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communist Revolution - Essay Example It can be stated that a series of political upheavals took place in China between 1911 and 1949. These activities significantly helped to establish the People’s Republic of China. These activities were guided by Communist party Rule. Guomindang is the political party established in the year 1911. The major objective of this political party was to gain supreme political power. This political party governed China under the guidance of Chiang Kai Shek from 1928 to 1949. After this the Communist party took power. Subsequently since 1949, the Communist Party was the authorized party which ruled Taiwan. The Guomindang faced several problems at the initial stages of revolution. Problem of authority restoring of the Central government and growing activities of communist movement affected Guomindang. After 1930, Jiang introduced a series of attack. It helped to encircle the individuals of Communist party. This attack led to a specific attempt by Chu Teh to explore the movement and acti vities. Chu Teh was the army commander of Communist Party at that point of time. The communist Party initiated a Long March from the South East China to North West China. The duration of this movement was one year. This Long March resulted from October 1934 to October 1935. In the year 1935, almost 100,000 marched through the army of KMT in South Jiangxi. This troop trekked near about 6,000 miles through a specific roundabout route. Finally, this troop succeeded to reach to Shaanxi’s North West Province. Due to this Long March the number of armies of Communist party was reduced to 8,000. During this Long March a power resist developed between Jiang Guo and Mao Zedong. This unfavorable conflict between the two led to split of the force eventually. Mao’s revolution group finally based themselves in Yanan. This establishment remained throughout the revolution and in war with the Japanese. It formed a critical uneasy alliance with the group of nationalists. The major motiv e of this war is to expel the intruders. In the year 1936, the government of Japan offered a secret demand to the Chiang Kai Shek’s government. This proposal was disguised as the pitch for the war between the communists. The Chiang Kai Shek’s government’s acceptance would have meant the domination of Japan over the Chinese. The results of this war were dramatic. The Communist party controlled almost 19 base areas (Zarrow, 2005). There was a population of 100 million under these base areas. Most importantly, this Communist party himself had the population of one million. Therefore, Communist party was ready to test their strength with the KMT. The Japanese surrendered under United States after atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki incident in the year 1945 during the Second World War. General George Marshall was sent to President Mr. Harry Truman as a special diplomat to China in the year 1945. The major responsibility or task of General George Marshall was to mediate an agreement between the KMT and Communist Party. At that point of time, the government of United States helped Chiang by providing air fighting troop to the Northern China. Officially this plan was successfully executed as the Japanese were regimented to surrender to the American Troops or KMT. This activity favored Chiang. Finally, the war broke out in the year 1946. It renewed the civil war against the group of Nationalists in the year 1946. During the Second W

Harvest Moon by Aba Bayefsky Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Harvest Moon by Aba Bayefsky - Essay Example The essay "Harvest Moon by Aba Bayefsky" discovers the painting of Aba Bayefsky. Through out his career there is a recurring theme of destruction, skeletons and dark symbols. His choice of rich, bold colors cause the subject matter to jump out of the canvas, but at the same time, the subject is locked into it’s environment and the piece moves as a solid and single unit. This essay will explore the painting, Harvest Moon, by first discussing the initial reactions to the piece upon preliminary examination at the gallery. Later, the essay will investigate the formal elements of art, such as line, shape and how they interplay to create a haunting feeling for the viewer by drawing upon the familiarity of the subject matter and turning it into an expressionist piece of work that evokes emotion and a response.When first encountering this piece of work it’s simple and rather typical physical size doesn’t instantaneously capture the audience’s attention, especially in comparison to the surrounding works that are much bigger in scale. What’s captivating about this piece is how the viewer is drawn toward it for curiosity’s sake of wondering what’s inside the house, what’s behind the jack-o-lanterns and what the artist is possibly hiding. The soft lighting in the gallery creates a warm feeling that counteracts the â€Å"scary† images so that a sense of safety is felt amongst the gruesome images in the exhibit. In examining the painting the slick quality of the oil paints are apparent and one would imagine. it would be slippery and smooth to the touch with prickly peaks that terminate each stroke. The carved expressions of the jack-o-lantern's faces appear hollowed out just as if they were real pumpkins but these are a hollowing of paint instead of the true pulp. In general, the nine jack-o-lanterns wear uniform expressions that aren't jolly nor sinister, but more vacant and void if anything. Looking straight on at the painting gives a rather flat view, but by approaching the work from the left or the right it seems as though the jack-o-lanterns' eyes are following movement and beckoning the viewer to stop and reconsider it's mysticism. Line in this painting is very straightforward. The lines of the two houses ran horizontally across the top of the canvas, but once one reaches the lower half of the canvas these lines are interrupted by waves, or peaks that divide the houses from the jack-o-lanterns. These waves suggest a division between the two objects, the houses, and the jack-o-lanterns. For an oil painting, the outline of the objects is quite crisp and thin, almost as if the painter were using a printed coloring book that already had the outline, and the painter was left to fill in the empty spaces with paint. The diagonal lines that make up the house's awning direct the viewer's eye to the jack-o-lanterns in the foreground, forcing the eye to forget the homes and instead meditate on the orange of the pumpkins. The straight lines of the house are juxtaposed against the wavy lines of the clouds in the sky creating a balance or harmony between the two so that the painting is not too rigid, nor too flimsy. Shape is rather flat in this piece. In this two-dimensional piece of work shape is primarily offered to the pumpkins, as they appear plump and hearty. The painting is made up of simple geometric shapes that contain the painting to single solid

Pre-Research ( Alhilal Saudi Football club ) Essay

Pre-Research ( Alhilal Saudi Football club ) - Essay Example Ever since its launch fifty-seven years ago, the club has excelled in Saudi Arabia and Asia to win fifty-five official championships. These include seven Arabian Gulf Championships, six Asian championships and forty national championships. As mentioned earlier, Al-Hilal has been very successful in Saudi Arabia and the Asian continent, therefore, earning the nickname Al-Zaeem, meaning ‘The Boss’ (FIFA, 2014). In recent years, its dominance in the Asian continent has dwindled down Al-Hilal club but it remains one of the most successful football club in the continent. The International Federation of Football History and Statistics named Al-Hilal FC as the Asian Football Club of the past century (Wikipedia, 2014). Al Hilal FC’s home games are played at the King Fahd International Stadium, which was built in 1987 and has a capacity of sixty seven thousand fans. Some of the key people in the management and coaching include Abdulrahman bin Musaad who is the chairperson, Sami Al-Jaber as the manager and Cosmin Olaroiu as the team coach (Al Hilal Saudi Club, 2014). The club has signed some of the best football players like Thiago Neves, Christian Wilhelmsson, and Osama Hawsawi among others. In the past, the club had signed some football legends such as Roberto Rivelino, Mohamed Al-Deayea, and Yousuf Al-Thunayan among others (Wikipedia, 2014). Throughout the years, the club has displayed great football and teamwork; therefore, receiving recognition through the numerous tournaments that it has won. Al-Hilal FC lifted its first trophy in in 1961 when it won the King’s Cup tournament. In 1964, the team was able to overpower its main rivals, Al-Ittihad through penalties to recapture the King’s cup. Many people had started to see the great potential in the team and this attracted a huge following. The club did not disappoint when the Saudi Premier League was started in 1976, as it emerged the first winners (FIFA, 2014). Up to

Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in a Water Sample Essay Example for Free

Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in a Water Sample Essay To find out the oxygen content of a water sample by adding MnSO4 and alkaline KI into the solution. Mn2+ was oxidized into Mn3+. Then Mn3+ was reduced back into Mn2+ and I- was oxidized to I2. The solution was titrated against sodium thiosulphate solution and the oxygen content could be calculated. Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Final burette reading (cm3) 19.26 38.42 19.82 38.35 Initial burette reading (cm3 0.10 19.50 0.74 19.82 Volume of Na2S2O3 added (cm3) 19.16 18.92 19.08 18.53 Data being used for calculation Calculation No of moles of Na2S2O3 used = 2S2O32- + I2 S4O62- + 2I- No. of moles of I2 in 100 cm3 solution = = 1.1825 2Mn(OH)3 + 2I- + 6H+ I2 + 2Mn2+ + 6H2O No. of moles of Mn(OH)3 in 100 cm3 solution = 1.1825 X 2 = 2.365 4 Mn(OH)2 + O2 + 2 H2O 4 Mn(OH)3 No. of moles of O2 in 100 cm3 solution = 2.365 Oxygen content = 18.92 mg dm-3 Discussion Reason of filling the whole volumetric flask During the experiment, the water sample was allowed to fill with the whole volumetric flask, this is because we have to prevent oxygen from dissolving from the air into the water sample. Reason of using a magnetic stirrer When conducting the experiment, insoluble manganese (III) hydroxide was formed. It would dissolve in potassium iodide so we have to use a magnetic stirrer to speed up the reaction process. As a magnetic stirrer could stir the solution without spilling, it is very good to be used in this situation. Source of error As the manganese (II) sulphate and potassium iodide solution was added into the flask with over flowing. There will be loss of solution in this process. The chemicals added might be not enough and it will affect the experiment result. We cannot avoid oxygen in air from dissolving into the solution as the mouth of volumetric flask could still allow oxygen to diffuse in. Only one set of data could be used beside trials.

Crisis Intervention Helpers Qualities Social Work Essay

Crisis Intervention Helpers Qualities Social Work Essay In general, most of us will agree that not everyone is suitable to be a crisis helper because there is no one trade that can suit for all. I personal feel that it is irresponsible to give a conclusion of whether is everyone suitable or not to be a crisis helper before exploring what qualification or characteristic does a crisis helper require. Hence, in this essay, I would like to briefly discuss about the definition of crisis, resources for crisis intervention and the qualities of a crisis helper before giving my conclusion. Crisis Definition Although there are many definitions of crisis, Richard. K. James presented 6 in his book, Crisis Intervention Strategies. They are: 1) Crisis is because people important life goals face obstacles. 2) Crisis results from impediments to life goals that people believe that they cannot overcome through customary choices and behaviors (Caplan, 1964, p. 40). 3) When people know that they have no responses to handle their situation, the situation is consider a crisis. 4) When, due to a situation, one cannot control his life consciously and it immobilizes him, a crisis is formed (Belkin, 1984, p. 424). 5) Crisis is a state of disorganization in which people face frustration of important life goals or profound disruption of their life cycles and methods of coping with stressors. (Brammer, 1985, p. 94). 6) Crisis develops in four distinct stages: (a) a critical situation occurs in which a determination is made as to whether a persons normal coping mechanisms will suffice; (b) increased tension and disorganization surrounding the event escalate beyond the persons coping ability; (c) demand for additional resources (such as counseling) to resolve the event is needed; (d) referral may be required to resolve major personality disorganization (Marino, 1995). Kristi Kanel uses Trilogy definition to reflect the three essential parts of a crisis. The three parts of a crisis are these: (1) a precipitating event; (2) a perception of the event that causes subjective distress; and (3) the failure of a persons usual coping methods, which causes a person experiencing the precipitating event to function it a lower level than before the event. ( Kanel, p. 1) Through Richard and Kristi crisis definitions, we realize that crisis can be a situation that has disrupted a person life cycle or a person having malfunction coping mechanism. Situation that person A has considered as a crisis may not be a crisis to person B because everyones coping ability is different. The situation that causes Person A to be stressful and anxious may not create the same degree of stress and anxiety for person B; hence, for a crisis worker to handle a client successfully, he needs to have sharp analysis and quick reponse. The eventual goal of a crisis helper is to help the client to return to a precise level of functioning. As a result, although anyone who is trained can be a crisis helper, he may not handle the situation well due to crisis versatility. Crisis Intervention Helpers Qualities The first step in cultivating the skills needed to help people in crisis is to construct a definition of crisis. Crisis worker must tune into a clients level of mastering reality in order to set up realistic goals and problem- solving strategies. In Lindemanns (1944) work with survivors of the Coconut Grove nightclub fire of 1943, he discovered that premature cessation of the expression of feelings is harmful. Therefore, it is essential for crisis workers to allow clients to express emotional actions. However, crisis workers must also ensure that the expression of these feelings is not harmful to the client or others. Crisis workers must be aware that whether the expression of emotional reactions to crisis events is it healthy (Myer, 37) Crisis workers must be willing to share the clients pain. Empathy that demonstrates to clients shows crisis workers understand their frame of reference in the crisis situation. (Myer 38) Care must be used to guard against allowing crisis workers personal issues to influence the assessment process. For example, a crisis worker, while a child, may have seen his or her mother abused by the father or another person. As a result, the crisis worker may become angry whenever abuse is an issue. Being a crisis helper, he must not handle the clients situation personally; therefore, the ability of assessing the client thought and action is important. Assessing clients cognitive and behavioral reaction to a crisis can be troublesome for crisis workers. Simply knowing that a client has seemingly done nothing or has made several unsuccessful attempts to resolve the crisis is not enough. Crisis workers must see beyond the content of what clients report to truly understand clients reaction. (Myer 86) Too often, crisis workers have difficulty distinguishing their perceptions from clients perceptions of the crisis. ( Myer 57) After knowing clients cognitive reactions and the life dimension that is affected by crisis, it helps crisis workers target their intervention efforts. However, crisis workers must also evaluate the severity of clients reactions in order to determine if this area should be addressed first and how direct the intervention process should be. ( Myer 73) Ethical and legal concerns are particularly relevant in the assessment of behavioral reaction because during the assessment process clients may disclose information about child or elder abuse, sexual abuse of minors, suicidal ideations, intent to harm someone else, or other equally disturbing material. Crisis workers can be caught off guard hearing this information; once it is disclosed, what are they to do? ( Myer 86) Certain personality traits may interfere with coping and also with accepting intervention. Some people have problems accepting help or being strong. Others are paranoid or avoid conflict. These people present challenges to counselors, in contrast to clients who are open and trusting. According to Kanel, there are factors for a crisis helper to determine whether a crisis presents a danger to his client or his client needs additional help. A trained crisis helper not only needs to be psychologically trained, his personality and experiences can also be a great asset during crisis intervention. Thus, not everyone can be a crisis helper well. Resources for Crisis Intervention Work Not everyone who experiences a stressor in life will succumb to a crisis state and no one is certain why some people cope with stress easily whereas others deteriorate into disequilibrium. ( Kanel, 7). But, Kanel writes that material resources, personal resources, and social resources seems to determine the level of an individual coping mechanism after a crisis. ( Kanel, 7) Material resources are money, shelter, food, transportation, and clothing. Money may not buy love, but it does make life easier during crisis. For example, a poorer woman with minimal material resources [money, food, housing, and transportation] may suffer more in a crisis than a woman with her own income and transportation. A woman with richer material sources has the choice of staying at a hotel or moving into her own apartment. She can drive to work; she can afford to pay for counseling sessions. ( Kanel, 7) After her material needs are met, the woman can begin to work through the crisis. Her personal resources, such as ego strength, previous history of coping with stressful situations, absence of personality problems, and physical well-being will help determine how well she copes on her own and how she accepts and implements intervention. ( Kanel, 7) Ego strength is the ability to understand the world realistically and act on that understanding to get ones needs and wishes met. Many times a crisis worker will be called on to be the clients ego strength temporarily (as when a person is psychotic or severely depressed) until the client can take over for himself or herself. These clients can neither see reality clearly nor put into action realistic coping behaviors. They need someone to structure their behavior until the crisis is managed successfully, often with medication, family intervention, and individual counseling. Social resource Conclusion Some clients may display extreme emotion to a minor incident; others may exhibit an almost undetectable affective reaction to a significant crisis. In addition, people react differently to different crises. Just because a client reacts with anger in one crisis does not mean that he or she will react with anger in another crisis (Myer 52). Client may be overwhelmed by the situation and find it difficult to vocalize any feelings; perhaps, they may vent their anger to the crisis worker. If the crisis worker is not prepared, he or she may be bewildered by the clients display of feelings. Hence, the intensity of the clients emotional expression may result in the crisis worker feeling uncomfortable and out of control (Myer, p. 37) According to Myer, crisis worker need to be prepared to face clients raging screaming or sobbing uncontroably. During crisis intervention, crisis workers must use their knowledge of human behavior, sensitivity to cultural norms, and their clinical experience to make sound judgments. As a result, I agree that it is not everyone suitable to do crisis intervention work because not everyone can handle intensity of the job scope.